COVID-19 curbs China’s power in Indo-Pacific, risks of war ‘significant’—report

MELBOURNE — The coronavirus pandemic has weakened China's power in the Indo-Pacific, and the region's deepening security uncertainties present a "significant" risk of war, the Lowy Institute said in a report on Sunday.

US allies in the region and key balancing powers such as India have never been more dependent on American capacity and willingness to sustain a military and strategic counterweight in response to China's rise, said the Sydney-based foreign policy think tank.

At the same time, Beijing has sought to dissuade Southeast Asian countries from joining the US coalition, while upgrading its military exchanges with Russia and Pakistan as well as North Korea and creating as such a formidable trio of China-aligned nuclear-armed powers in the region.

"Whether the emerging balance of military power contributes to deterrence and strategic stability in the Indo-Pacific is an open question," the report said.

"The depth of hostilities, the breadth of US–China competition and the presence of multiple potential flashpoints means the risk of war is significant."

The impact from the pandemic has undermined the overall region's prosperity, weakening China's comprehensive power.

"Beijing is now less likely to pull ahead of its peer competitor in comprehensive power by the end of the decade—this suggests that there is nothing inevitable about China's rise in the world," the report said. "It appears very unlikely China will ever be as dominant as the United States once was."

Philippines ranking

The think tank describes the Philippines as a "middle power" in the region, ranked 16th out of 26 countries. Of the list's eight measures of power, the Philippines's best ranking was in defense networks, defined by the list as "defense partnerships that act as force multipliers of autonomous military capability; measured through assessments of alliances, regional defense diplomacy and arms transfers." It ranked ninth out of 26.

Its lowest score is in resilience, or "the capacity to deter real or potential external threats to state stability; measured in terms of internal institutional stability [including government effectiveness], resource security, geoeconomic security, geopolitical security and nuclear deterrence." In resilience, the Philippines ranked 20th out of 26 spots. — Reuters