TIMELINE: Impeachment proceedings vs. Vice President Sara Duterte

Vice President Sara Duterte said on January 29 that the government should “move on” after the Supreme Court affirmed its ruling that declared the articles of impeachment against her unconstitutional.

Her accusers, however, turned out to be far from done and were ready to run it back. They filed fresh impeachment complaints against her just three days after the Supreme Court announced its ruling favoring the vice president.

February 2, 2026

Two new impeachment complaints were filed on the same day, February 2.

Members of the Makabayan coalition and allied groups filed the first impeachment complaint against Duterte for 2026, alleging that the Vice President betrayed public trust due to the following acts:

• ordering subordinates to prepare implausible accomplishment reports supported by fabricated liquidation reports and falsified documents for submission to the Commission on Audit to support the use of confidential funds; and
• dereliction of official duty with her willful refusal to recognize congressional oversight during budget deliberations and its authority to conduct inquiries in aid of legislation.

On the same day, civil society organization Tindig Pilipinas and others filed their own impeachment complaint against Duterte, accusing the second highest ranking public official of the land of betrayal of public trust, culpable violation of the Constitution, and a commission of high crime over the following deeds:

• Duterte's admission, done in a public broadcast, of contracting an assassin to kill President Ferdinand "Bongbong" Marcos Jr., First Lady Liza Marcos and then-Speaker Martin Romualdez;
• misuse and malversation of her confidential funds as vice president and then Department of Education secretary;
• causing the distribution of monetary gifts to Department of Education officials holding procurement-related functions;
• massing of unexplained wealth and failure to disclose all her properties and interests in properties in her Statement of Assets, Liabilities, and Net Worth; and
• being involved in the extrajudicial killings of the Davao Death Squad during her tenure as mayor of Davao City.

Both groups also filed separate impeachment complaints against the vice president in November and December 2024, respectively. But this time, the groups included the November 2025 affidavit of Ramil Madriaga in their filings.

Madriaga says he is a former intelligence operative and campaign operator assigned by former President Rodrigo Roa Duterte to then-vice presidential candidate and Davao City mayor Sara Duterte. He said that he was tasked to form the Vice President Security and Protection Group (VPSPG), during which he recommended to her Army Colonel Dennis Nolasco, who in turn tapped the services of Army Colonel Raymund Dante Lachica to head the VPSPG.

Madriaga said that from July 2022 to April 2023, he worked with Nolasco and Lachica in tactical transport services, securing the vice president and other VIPs, conveying highly confidential information, and transporting large amounts of money to several persons as instructed by the Vice President.

These allegations, the complainants said, corroborate the findings already revealed before the inquiry into the Office of the Vice President’s use of its budget conducted by the House good government and public accountability in 2024 that the vice president and the Department of Education during her time as chief have been spending their confidential funds on questionable items, to say the least.

The road ahead

Both complaints filed on February 2 this year were accepted by House Secretary General Cheloy Garafil.

Under House rules, Garafil’s office should immediately submit those verified impeachment complaints to the Office of the Speaker Faustino “Bojie” Dy III of Isabela.

The Speaker’s office is then mandated to calendar these complaints under the Order of Business for plenary action within 10 session days upon its receipt.

Once the impeachment complaints are referred by the House plenary to the House justice panel, the one-year ban on the filing another impeachment complaint against the Vice President is triggered.

In compliance

The chairperson of the House Justice committee, Batangas Representative Gerville Luistro, said that both impeachment complaints are compliant with the Supreme Court January 28 Resolution, even if the same High Court ruling declared the 2025 impeachment case against the Vice President illegal for violating the one year bar and violation of her rights to due process.

Luistro said the January 28 Resolution provides that the first impeachment complaint filed against the vice president on December 2, 2024 was deemed initiated when the period of 10 session or calendar days lapsed on January 14, 2025 due to the the inaction of the House, meaning the one year ban lapsed on January 14.

"The session days [as provided in the Supreme Court Resolution] is now equivalent to calendar days when the House of Representatives has sessions. So counting from December 2, 2024, the 10 session days was until January 14 of 2025. In other words, January 15, 2026, the one-year prohibition period already lapsed," Luistro said in a press conference.

“The Supreme Court said [under its January 28 resolution] that a session day for purposes of impeachment proceedings, and the impeachment being a very important process, a session day is equivalent to a calendar day. As such, the timeline [on the reckoning of the one year bar] was adjusted by the Supreme Court. That is why the filing [of new impeachment complaints against the Vice President happened last February 2] was done,” said San Juan City Representative and Justice panel vice chair Ysabel "Bel" Zamora.

SC rewriting House impeachment rules

The Supreme Court’s January 28 Resolution also stated that the Articles of Impeachment signed off by over one-third of the House members and supporting evidence must be provided to all House members, including those who did not sign off on such; the evidence must meet the required quantum of proof to establish the charges; and, the evidence must be made available to all House Members for their information and guidance in deciding on the complaint during plenary deliberations.

These three guidelines did not exist when the House impeached the vice president on February 5, 2025.

February 4, 2026 — The defense team of Vice President Sara Duterte said it is ready to explain the use of aliases for confidential funds, such as the infamous “Mary Grace Piattos” that became one of the basis for the impeachment complaints filed against her.

February 5, 2026 — Atty. Michael Poa, spokesperson of Sara Duterte’s defense team, clarified that “Mary Grace Piattos” will not be presented as part of the defense of the vice president in the impeachment complaints filed against her.

February 6, 2026 — House Secretary General Cheloy Velicaria-Garafil released a statement saying that the two impeachment complaints against Vice President Sara Duterte were already transmitted to the Office of Speaker Faustino “Bojie” Dy III.

Garafil said the documents were forwarded in the afternoon after her office completed receipt and verification of the complaints and their endorsements.

February 7, 2026 — Vice President Sara Duterte slammed the latest impeachment complaint filed against her and endorsed by Akbayan, saying it has no attached evidence proving the allegations against her.

Meanwhile, Ramil Madriaga, whose allegations were included in the second impeachment complaint against Duterte, is willing to participate in probes should he be called to appear by any of the investigating bodies, according to his lawyer.

February 9, 2026 — Religious groups, priests, and lawyers filed a third impeachment complaint against Duterte for alleged betrayal of public trust, graft and corruption, among others, over the supposed misuse of at least P612 million worth of confidential funds.

Asked for comment, Atty. Michael Poa, spokesperson of Duterte’s lawyers, said: "We have nothing further to add beyond the statement we issued last week. The filing of additional complaints was anticipated by the Defense Team."

February 10, 2026 — House Secretary General Cheloy Garafil confirmed that the third impeachment complaint filed against Vice President Sara Duterte has been formally transmitted to the Office of House Speaker Faustino "Bojie" Dy III.

February 18, 2026 — VP Sara Duterte announces she will run for president in the 2028 national elections. During her announcement, Duterte claimed politically motivated investigations and repeated accusations were designed to damage her reputation, including what she described as “scripted” congressional inquiries. She noted that as early as the first months of the administration, she had already begun questioning what she described as a lack of integrity in governance.

Members of the Makabayan bloc criticizes Duterte's announcement that she intends to run for president in 2028, calling it a "distraction" and a "calculated" move ahead of the looming impeachment proceedings against her.

Also on the same day, a fourth impeachment complaint was filed against her, citing alleged misuse of public funds, undeclared wealth, and other alleged violations. It was transmitted to the Speaker’s office on February 19.

February 23, 2026 — The House of Representatives referred the four impeachment complaints against Vice President Sara Duterte to the House justice panel, marking the initiation of the complaints.

On the same day, House Deputy Speaker Paolo Ortega V of La Union expressed hope that his party-mates in the ruling Lakas-CMD party will support the impeachment of Vice President Sara Duterte, saying that the Vice President has been continuously evading questions about her use of her office’s confidential funds, among other alleged misdeeds.

February 24, 2026 — Sara Duterte clarifies that the announcement of her presidential bid for the 2028 elections had nothing to do with the ongoing impeachment process at the House of Representatives.

"Hindi naman (Not really)," she said in an interview in Iligan City, stressing that the impeachment threat has been there "yesterday, tomorrow, today."

On the same day, the House committee on justice said the deliberations on the merits of the four impeachment complaints against Duterte will begin on March 2.

February 25, 2026 — A vice chairperson of the House committee on justice says Vice President Sara Duterte's bank records may be subpoenaed as part of the impeachment proceedings.

Representative Jonathan Keith Flores said laws provide exceptions to protecting the confidentiality of bank deposits.

February 26, 2026 — The National Unity Party (NUP) said it is unlikely to vote in favor of the impeachment complaint filed against Vice President Sara Duterte unless “compelling new evidence” is presented.

On the same day, Malacañang said said the NUP has the freedom to decide whether it will support the impeachment complaint lodged against Vice President Sara Duterte.

''Desisyon po nila 'yan, may kalayaan po silang mag-decide, hindi naman po sila sinasaklawan ng ating Pangulo at ng administrasyong ito,'' Palace Press Officer Undersecretary Atty. Claire Castro said at a briefing.

February 27, 2026 — The fresh impeachment proceedings against Vice President Sara Duterte will include new evidence as well as allegations that she has yet to answer, two House members who endorsed the complaints indicated on Friday.

Akbayan party-list Rep. Perci Cendaña and ACT Teachers party-list Rep. made the remarks in separate interviews amid the challenge posed by House Committee on Justice chairperson Batangas Rep. Gerville Luistro and the National Unity Party as regards the need for new pieces of evidence.

March 2, 2026 — The House committee on justice on Monday found the two impeachment complaints against Vice President Sara Duterte sufficient in form.

The House panel found the third and fourth impeachment complaints against the Vice President compliant with the Supreme Court decision which only allows the initiation of one impeachment proceeding against an official per year and has at least one endorser from the ranks of the House members.

Earlier, the panel voted to set aside the first impeachment complaint filed against Vice President Sara Duterte for violating the one-year bar rule that only allows initiation of one impeachment proceedings against an official per year.

This happened after the House justice panel, via a 22-10 vote, approved the motion put forward by Bukidnon Rep. Keith Flores to set aside the first complaint endorsed by the Makabayan lawmakers.

Earlier in the day, the petitioners of the second impeachment complaint against Duterte submitted their letter of withdrawal to the Office of the House Secretary General Monday morning.

Kiko Aquino Dee, of Tindig Pilipinas and one of the complaints, said they are withdrawing their complaint and decided to give their support to the third impeachment complaint which, according to him, contains the same grounds as the one they submitted. He said this is to expedite the impeachment proceedings.

Also prior to the voting, House committee on justice chairperson and Batangas Second District Rep. Gerville Luistro said the Supreme Court did not absolve Vice President Sara Duterte of any impeachable offense.

“There are claims circulating that these impeachment complaints are merely recycled accusations already dismissed by the Supreme Court. Let us correct that. Firmly and factually, the Supreme Court did not rule on the merits of the allegations. It did not conduct a trial. It did not weigh [on the] evidence [against the Vice President]. It did not absolve anyone of wrongdoing,” Luistro said in her opening statement.

“The Court itself clarified that its ruling was limited to the constitutional one-year bar rule, it emphasized that it did not absolve the Vice President of any of the charges. Those are the Supreme Court’s own clarification. To suggest, therefore, that the accusations have already been resolved on the merits is legally incorrect,” she added.

March 3, 2026 — Vice President Sara Duterte’s threat to kill President Ferdinand Marcos, Jr. and others makes the third impeachment complaint filed against her sufficient in substance because her words can translate to real harm, House justice panel members said Tuesday.

Negros Oriental Second District Rep. Janice Degamo, widow of the slain Negros Oriental governor Roel Degamo, was one of the lawmakers who made the assertion during the House justice panel deliberation on the sufficiency in substance of the impeachment complaints filed against the Vice President.

March 4, 2026 — The House committee on justice on Wednesday found the impeachment complaints against Vice President Sara Duterte sufficient in substance.

In separate voting, the impeachment complaints filed by Fr. Bong Saballa, among others, and lawyer Nathaniel Cabrera each received 54 yes, one no, and zero abstention. It was Quezon City Rep. Bong Suntay who registered the negative vote.

As a result, the Vice President was ordered to file her answer to the impeachment complaints within 10 calendar days.

March 5, 2026 — The House justice panel on Thursday officially ordered Vice President Sara Duterte to answer allegations of impeachable offenses against her.

In a Notice to Respondent dated March 4, 2026 addressed to the Office of the Vice President at Cybergate Plaza in Mandaluyong City, the committee ordered Duterte to submit her verified answer “within a non-extendible period of 10 calendar days” from receipt of the notice and to serve a copy of her Verified Answer to complainants within the same period as required under Section 6 of the House rules.

The OVP received the notice at 10:44 a.m., March 5.

Also on March 5, House justice panel chairman Gerville Luistro said her committee will decide on the impeachment case of the Vice President within two months.

March 9, 2026 — The NUP, the second largest political party in the House of Representatives with at least 40 members, said it won’t back a weak impeachment case against the Vice President.

March 10, 2026 — House Deputy Speaker Ronaldo Puno, also the NUP chair, denied that the NUP met with Speaker Faustino “Bojie" Dy III or House Majority Leader Sandro Marcos regarding the impeachment of Vice President Duterte, and that the NUP is supposedly already on board her impeachment.

March 11, 2026 — House Deputy Minority Leader Chel Diokno of Akbayan party-list asked the House Committee on Justice to take custody of Vice President Sara Duterte's alleged former aide Ramil Madriaga pending the impeachment proceedings against Vice President Sara Duterte, citing security concerns.

The members of the 16-strong legal team of the Vice President for the impeachment proceedings were also revealed during this day.

March 13, 2026 — Vice President Sara Duterte maintained that there is no sufficient evidence to warrant an impeachment case against her, citing Diokno’s request for the House justice panel to take in Madriaga and other documents such as her wealth and bank statements prove they have nothing on her.

March 15, 2026 — Vice President Sara Duterte said the House of Representatives will have to wait and see if she will respond to the impeachment charges filed against her on Monday, March 16, the last day of her 10-day window to do so.

March 16, 2026 — The camp of Vice President Sara filed her answer to impeachment complaint.

Atty. Michael Poa said the reply was "ad cautelam" or filed as a precaution because Duterte's camp didn't see the need to answer the complaint as it had no "ultimate facts" that would support the allegations against her.

March 17, 2026 — The impeachment complainants filed a waiver manifesting their intention not to file reply to the answer submitted by the camp of the Vice President.

Rev. Fr. Joel Saballa and others said in their three-page Manifestation of Waiver to File a Reply that Duterte's answer “conspicuously failed to specifically deny each and every material allegation in the 98-page impeachment complaint."

Lawyer Nathaniel Cabrera said the Vice President's answer "raises no new factual matters and consists mainly of general denials, legal conclusions, and procedural objections."

Lawmakers also said that Duterte failed to answer the allegations in the impeachment complaints

March 18, 2026 — The hearing proper on the impeachment complaints against Vice President Sara Duterte will start on March 25, 2026, House Committee on Justice chairperson and Batangas Second District Rep. Gerville Luistro said.

Later in the day, the House justice committee found the two impeachment complaints against Vice President Sara Duterte sufficient in grounds, citing that the Vice President failed to address to the allegations against her in the Answer Ad Cautelam (With Caution) she submitted.

“Considering that the answer [of the Vice President] has very limited responses to the offenses and most of the discussions pertain really to the violation of due process and failure to state ultimate facts…the opportunity to convince the justice members not to declare sufficiency in ground was lost. Because in the determination of sufficiency in ground, the answer should be the basis [of lawmakers in deciding] if the answer was substantial enough to reduce the substance of the impeachment complaint,” Luistro said at a press conference after the proceedings.

“But the thing is, the responses to the allegations of offenses were very limited. And perhaps you've seen it during our deliberation, most of the lawmakers were simply reiterating the same argument that they articulated already during the sufficiency in substance. That is because there are not enough allegations in the answer to comment on,” she added.

March 19, 2026 — The House of Representatives invited Vice President Sara Duterte to appear in the scheduled impeachment hearings on March 25, April 14, April 22 and April 29.

March 22, 2026 — House Committee on Justice chairperson Representative Gerville Luistro said that there is no double standard when it came to handling the impeachment complaints against Vice President Sara Duterte and those against President Ferdinand "Bongbong" Marcos Jr.

Luistro said that for one, impeachment allegations against the President did not show direct participation of the Chief Executive. In contrast, Luistro said the allegations vs. Vice President Duterte showed her participation, particularly the video where the Vice President threatened to kill the President and his family in the event that she is killed.

March 24, 2026 — The House Committee on Justice said it has not received any feelers from the camp of Vice President Sara Duterte regarding her possible attendance in tomorrow's impeachment hearing.

Committee Chair Gerville Luistro, however, is hopeful that the vice president will take this opportunity to challenge the allegations against her.

March 25, 2026 — The House Committee on Justice started its hearing proper into the impeachment complaints against Vice President Sara Duterte.

Duterte, however, did not attend the initial hearing, insisting that no policy requires respondents to do so.

In a statement, Duterte said she would rather spend her time helping people affected by the soaring prices of petroleum products than attend the hearing, which she claimed the House of Representatives is only using to conduct a “third fishing expedition” against her.

But panel chairperson Rep. Gerville Luistro questioned Vice President Duterte’s faithfulness to her oath of office to follow the Constitution amid her absence in the impeachment proceedings. Luistro said the Vice President's absence was not exactly in line with her previous statements that she is ready to face the charges against her.

At the course of the hearing, the House panel issued a subpoena or compelled the submission of the Statement of Assets, Liabilities, and Net (SALN) worth of Vice President Sara Duterte during her tenure as Davao City mayor and as Vice President.

The years covered were:

• 2007 to 2013
• 2016 to 2022 and
• 2022 to 2025.

During the same proceeding, the panel also approved, via voice vote, the issuance of subpoena duces tecum to the National Bureau of Investigation (NBI) for the production of its investigation records into the video showing the Vice President threatening to kill President Ferdinand Marcos, Jr., First Lady Liza Araneta Marcos and then Speaker and Leyte First District Rep. Martin Romualdez.

The panel also issued a subpoena to Ramil Madriaga and his affidavit against Duterte.

It also granted a motion seeking additional protection for Madriaga. In his motion, Akbayan Rep. Chel Diokno requested that Madriaga’s security be beefed up by the National Bureau of Investigation. He also sought additional protection for Madriaga during his transport to the House as well as while he is testifying.

The lawmaker later clarified that the motion does not seek to transfer Madriaga’s custody to the lower chamber. Diokno said Madriaga is fearing for his life and has lost trust in other persons deprived of liberty as well as jail officers due to threats to his life.

The panel also granted a motion to issue a subpoena to the Legislative Library Archives Division of the House of Representatives as well as for the production of transcript and video recordings in several dates in 2024.

The panel also formally sought the testimony of lawyer Gloria Camora of the Commission on Audit’s Intelligence and Confidential Funds Audit Office (COA-ICFAO), as well as the COA-ICFAO’s findings on the use of confidential funds by Office of the Vice President and during Sara Duterte’s tenure as Education chief.

Likewise, the panel issued a subpoena for lawyer Michael Poa, Duterte's chief of staff when she was DepEd secretary.

March 26, 2026 — The Office of the Ombudsman will comply with the House Committee on Justice’s subpoena for documents requiring the submission of Duterte’s SALNs covering all her years in public office, Assistant Ombudsman Mico Clavano said.

“Yes, we will comply. When we first came into office, we gave the public access to the SALNs of public officers. In that same statement, we even encouraged other branches of government to do the same—to make SALNs public because these are public documents,” he said in a press conference.

March 27, 2026 — Atty. Paolo Panelo Jr., legal counsel of Vice President Sara Duterte for the perjury complaint filed against Madriaga, dismissed the allegation that former Negros Oriental representative Arnolfo “Arnie” Teves was supposedly behind the threats to Madriaga’s life.

“Let us recall that Madriaga, through his counsel, previously claimed that Vice President Sara Duterte visited him in jail to persuade him not to testify. That story was quickly debunked by DILG Secretary Jonvic Remulla, who confirmed that VP Sara visited Teves, not Madriaga,” Panelo said in a statement.

“Since his lie was exposed, Madriaga has conveniently shifted his narrative to insinuate that VP Sara, through Teves, is behind the alleged threat to his life,” he added.

April 6, 2026 — The House justice panel has sought the testimony of Ombudsman Jesus Crispin Remulla for the ongoing impeachment hearing against Vice President Sara Duterte, specifically about her Statement of Assets, Liabilities and Net Worth.

In a subpoena ad testificandum et duces tecum, the House justice panel chaired by Batangas Second District Rep. Gerville Luistro, directed Remulla to appear before the committee on April 14, 10 a.m., at the House of Representatives in Quezon City.

Remulla was also directed to bring documents including the following SALNs of the Vice President:

• 2007 to 2013
• 2016 to 2022 and
• 2022 to 2025

April 7, 2026 — The House Committee on Justice issued subpoena to the officials of the Commission on Audit and Bureau of Internal Revenue as well as the lawyer who notarized the affidavit of Ramil Madriaga to bring documents and testify during the hearing on the impeachment complaints against Vice President Sara Duterte.

The House panel ordered State Auditor V Atty. Gloria Camora of the Commission on Audit (COA) Intelligence and Confidential Funds Audit Office to submit “all the submissions by the OVP to COA in relation to the liquidation of confidential funds.”

Camora was likewise directed to testify in the impeachment hearings, saying she has the custody of all the documents on the Office of the Vice President and the Department of Education's disposition of their confidential funds for the years 2022 and 2023. The committee added Camora's testimony is needed to identify and authenticate the requested documents.

Also subpoenaed was BIR Commissioner Charlito Martin, who was ordered to submit tax records and financial statements of the Vice President and her spouse Atty Manases Carpio, and several business entities.

The House panel likewise issued a subpoena against lawyer Cynthia Viñas-Pantonal, who notarized the affidavit of Duterte’s alleged former aide, Ramil Madriaga. The three were directed to attend the hearing on April 14 at 10 a.m.

At the same time, Vice President Sara Duterte asked the Supreme Court (SC) to issue a temporary restraining order (TRO) against the House of Representatives and the House justice panel to stop them from proceeding with the impeachment hearings against her.

Duterte made the appeal in a 58-page petition for certiorari dated March 30 filed with the High Court.

“There is a reason why impeachment is the road less travelled – it is often the wrong road. No less than the Constitution reserves this sui generis process to the vilest and most treasonous of grounds committed by an exclusive list of impeachable government officials,” the petition said.

“As meticulously and unmistakably demonstrated in this petition, the impeachment proceedings against the petitioner are unconstitutional and continuing with them will result in a miscarriage of justice and a mockery of processes that our Constitution and laws have always aimed to protect,” it added.

April 8, 2026 — The House Committee on Justice served the subpoena to Securities and Exchange Commission Chairperson Francis Edralin Lim for his testimony and submission of corporate records of entities linked to Vice President Sara Duterte and her spouse, Manases Carpio.

The subpoena dated March 31 and released on Wednesday, April 8, ordered Lim to attend the House justice committee impeachment hearing on April 14.

As for the documents, the committee is requiring the submission of certified true copies of the General Information Sheet and Audited Financial statements of several companies allegedly affiliated with Duterte and Carpio namely:

• Metro City Chow Foods Corp.
• Gencorp Industries Inc.
• Carpio Lawyers
• 888 Bistro
• CALE88 Foods Corp.
• Madayaw Fisheries Corp.
• Mati City Ice Plant and Cold Storage Inc.
• Amianan Shores Inc.
• Geometry Security and Investigation Agency Inc. and
• Cabletow 88 Shipping and Marine Services Inc.

Meanwhile, Duterte’s defense team said their petition seeking to stop the impeachment proceedings was not about avoiding the process but was made to seek clarity on constitutional questions.

Her team said it was “about ensuring that the process itself complies with the Constitution.”

On the same day, the Supreme Court ordered the House of Representatives to answer the petitions filed by the Vice President and several lawyers seeking to stop the impeachment proceedings against her. The SC, however, did not issue a temporary restraining order.

House Speaker Faustino “Bojie” Dy III said the impeachment proceedings against the Vice President would proceed as scheduled.

“The House of Representatives welcomes the Supreme Court’s non-issuance of a temporary restraining order. We have the highest respect for the Court and its processes, and we defer to its authority on matters properly brought before it,” Dy said.

“In the absence of any legal restraint, the House of Representatives will continue to discharge its constitutional mandate,” he added.

April 9, 2026 — The House Committee on Justice issued a subpoena for National Bureau of Investigation (NBI) Director Atty. Melvin A. Matibag in relation to Vice President Sara Duterte's impeachment hearings.

The panel directed Matibag to attend the hearing on April 14 and turn over records of the bureau’s probe into alleged threats to kill made by Duterte against President Ferdinand “Bongbong” R. Marcos Jr., First Lady Liza Araneta-Marcos, and former Speaker Ferdinand Martin G. Romualdez.

The House panel also sought “certified true copies of all documents and photographs gathered in the course of the above-mentioned investigation.”

A subpoena was also issued to Duterte’s lawyer, Atty. Michael Poa.

He has been directed to appear in the next hearing and submit documents that the Department of Education submitted to the Commission on Audit in connection with the department’s confidential funds.

April 11, 2026 — Bicol Saro Partylist Rep. Terry Ridon said the impeachment hearings against Vice President Sara Duterte will proceed since the Supreme Court (SC) did not issue a temporary restraining order (TRO).

“Wala na pong makakapigil sa pagdinig pong ito… Nagkaroon po ng ikatlong petisyon kahapon, pero ito po ay pag-uulit lamang ng mga original points ng [Atty. Israelito] Torreon complaint. So, ang sinasabi nga po natin, parang nagsasayang ng papel, ito pong mga abogado,” Ridon, a member of the House Committee on Justice, said at a news forum in Quezon City.

(There is nothing that can stop this hearing… There was a third petition yesterday, but this is just a repetition of the original points of [Atty. Israelito] Torreon’s complaint. So, what we are saying is, it seems like these lawyers are wasting paper.)

April 13, 2026 — Lawyer Manases Carpio, husband of Vice President Sara Duterte, asked the Quezon City Regional Trial Court to prevent the House Committee on Justice from obtaining and disclosing their income tax returns, citing violation of the privacy law and their rights.

Specifically, Carpio asked the court to issue an executive 72-hour temporary restraining order (TRO) and/or 20-day TRO enjoining and prohibiting the House justice panel from enforcing, implementing and/or complying with the subpoena issued on March 31, 2026.

April 14, 2026 — The House committee on justice resumed its hearing on the impeachment complaints filed against the Vice President. Duterte, however, was not present.

Lawyer Michael Poa, Duterte's counsel, attended the hearing in compliance with the subpoena issued to him by the House panel since he is also a former spokesperson of the Vice President and Education Undersecretary during Duterte's tenure as Education chief.

Ramil Madriaga, who identified himself as a former aide of Duterte, arrived at the House of Representatives before 7 a.m. to testify before the committee for the first time.

He claimed that he delivered P125 million of Duterte's confidential funds to three locations in 24 hours upon her instruction.

He also accused former President Rodrigo Duterte of allegedly plotting an assassination—or, if not, a coup—against President Ferdinand “Bongbong” Marcos Jr. should he fail to step down by 2025.

Madriaga admitted serving as a "dummy" for bank transactions during the administration of former President Duterte.

He even signed a waiver allowing the House of Representatives to examine the bank accounts cited in his supplemental affidavit.

He also linked Duterte's husband, Atty. Manases "Mans" Carpio, to the magnetic lifters that allegedly contained hundreds of kilograms of shabu, worth billions of pesos, and were seized by the Bureau of Customs in 2018.

Madriaga said he felt betrayed by Duterte, claiming she refused to stop lawyer Harry Roque from filing kidnapping charges against him.

Also during the hearing, the Commission on Audit affirmed the notice of disallowance on the Office of the Vice President's disbursement of P73 million in confidential funds from December 21 to 31, 2022. The COA stated that the documents submitted by the OVP are insufficient to prove how the P73 million in confidential funds were spent.

The National Bureau of Investigation (NBI) released its forensic investigation of the acknowledgement receipts, which supposedly serve as proof of who received the confidential funds of DepEd during Duterte’s tenure as its secretary, as well as those of the OVP.

The NBI stated that while the names are different, the signatures of several recipients appear to be identical. This includes the signatures of Sally Rendon and Sheila Dado.

The House committee on justice also issued a subpoena directing former senator Antonio Trillanes IV to testify at the next hearing.

April 15, 2026 —The camp of the Vice President rejected allegations that P125 million in confidential funds were disbursed within 24 hours upon Duterte's instruction.

Atty. Salvador Paolo Panelo Jr. said Madriaga failed to present documentary proof to support his claims.

He added Madriaga's signing a bank waiver would only show accounts under the latter’s name and not prove any link to Duterte.

Davao-based artist Tanya Gaisano Lee also said she personally gave the artwork titled Señorita to Duterte in 2021, disputing Madriaga’s claim that he gifted Duterte a painting.

In a separate statement, the Vice President defended her academic record amid Madriaga's claim that she needed help to complete law school.

She said she completed her studies on her own terms and “never asked any professor for special accommodation.”

Senator Imee Marcos came to Duterte's defense, called Madriaga a liar and urged her brother, President Ferdinand "Bongbong" Marcos Jr., to speak up and set the record straight.

Meanwhile, OCTA Research’s latest Tugon ng Masa (TNM) survey showed that 69% of adult Filipinos believe Duterte should face an impeachment trial to address allegations against her, while 28% disagree and 3% are undecided.

April 16, 2026 — Interior Secretary Jonvic Remulla said Ramil Madriaga had already named some contracted hitmen.

"In fact, may mga na-name na siya na contracted hitman. I think it will come out in the future testimonies, lalabas pa,” Remulla said during Unang Hirit's On Record interview.

This is in connection with Madriaga's accusation that former President Rodrigo Duterte was allegedly plotting an assassination—or, if not, a coup—against President Marcos should he fail to step down by 2025.

Meanwhile, former Vice Presidential Security and Protection Group chief Colonel Raymund Dante Lachica described the allegations made by Madriaga as “glaring” with inconsistencies.

“This is no longer about allegations—this is about consistency. And the inconsistencies are glaring,” Lachica said in a statement.

April 18, 2026 — Ombudsman Jesus Crispin Remulla and former senator Antonio Trillanes IV are expected to attend the House Committee on Justice’s second hearing on the impeachment complaint against Vice President Sara Duterte

Remulla said he would bring the Vice President’s Statement of Assets, Liabilities and Net Worth (SALN) to the hearing.

April 19, 2026 — House Committee on Public Accounts chairperson Terry Ridon said another notice of disallowance (ND) was issued by state auditors against confidential funds released by the Office of the Vice President (OVP), this time amounting to at least P300 million.

April 20, 2026 — Vice President Sara Duterte and three others are responsible for the disbursement of P375 million worth of confidential funds in 2023 that are unsupported by documents or proven accomplishments, the Commission on Audit (COA) said.

In response, the OVP said it has yet to get a copy of COA's ND.

Meanwhile, Senate President Vicente “Tito” Sotto III said that he had invited some senators from the majority bloc to discuss the possibility of the Articles of Impeachment against Vice President Sara Duterte being transmitted to the Senate by the House of Representatives.

He also shared that he is undergoing a crash program on the Rules of Court to jibe with the Senate’s own Rules “to be sure in case of any eventuality.”

April 21, 2026 — More lawyers have filed a petition before the Supreme Court (SC) challenging the impeachment proceedings against Vice President Sara Duterte at the House of Representatives.

In a 34-page petition, petitioners Hue Jyro Go, Micah De Guzman, and Jake Leoncini asked the SC to issue a temporary restraining order (TRO) and/or a writ of preliminary injunction to halt further consideration of the third and fourth impeachment complaints, including the issuance of subpoenas.

April 22, 2026 — House justice panel chairperson and Batangas Second District Rep. Gerville Luistro said that the committee has already been able to unearth a body of evidence against the Vice President.

On the same day, the Office of the Ombudsman confirmed that the Vice President did not declare any cash on hand or in bank in her Statement of Assets, Liabilities and Net worth (SALNs) from 2019 to 2024.

The Anti-Money Laundering Council (AMLC) also said that bank transactions totaling P6.7 billion—classified as covered and suspicious—were recorded under the names of Vice President and her husband, lawyer Manases Carpio.

Under the Anti-Money Laundering Act, a covered transaction refers to a cash or equivalent monetary transaction exceeding P500,000 within one banking day.

The law also defines suspicious transactions as dealings with covered institutions—regardless of amount—where there are indicators such as:

• lack of legal or economic basis;
• inconsistency with a client’s financial capacity;
• structuring to avoid reporting requirements;
• deviation from a client’s transaction profile or
• links to unlawful activity.

Moreover, the same AMLC report revealed that there is a derogatory record for the Vice President and her husband.

The AMLC said the Vice President was the subject of suspicion in 27 confidential reports dated August 2, 2024 to January 29, 2026 due to suspected activities involving drug trafficking and related offenses, graft and corrupt practices, and malversation of public funds and property. Her husband, Atty. Carpio, for his part, was the subject of suspicion in 17 confidential reports from September 14, 2017 to April 25, 2025 due to suspected activities involving drug trafficking and related offenses, and malversation of public funds and property also “in connection with the news reports on alleged involvement in the PP6.4 billion shabu importation in 2017 and news articles in relation to his wife, VP Sara’s, alleged misuse of confidential/intelligence funds.

Further, former senator Antonio Trillanes IV alleged that Vice President Sara Duterte and the immediate members of her family received P181 million from an alleged drug lord. AMLC later confirmed that at least 18 bank transactions of the Vice President and her husband matched the entries as stated in the sworn affidavit of Trillanes.

It was also on April 22 when the Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR) blocked the House committee on justice from opening a box containing the income tax returns (ITRs) of the Vice President and her husband citing confidentiality.

April 23, 2026 — Vice President Sara Duterte said all her assets are legally acquired.

April 24, 2026 — Lawyer Michael Poa, counsel for the Vice President, said in a press conference that the Vice President listed cash under the “others” category in her subject SALNs.

House Senior Deputy Minority Leader Leila de Lima of Mamamayang Liberal (ML) party-list said said that Vice President Sara Duterte’s defense against allegations has no bearing on the ongoing impeachment proceedings unless she makes these under oath.

April 27, 2026 — Duterte’s husband, Attorney Carpio, filed a complaint against officials of the AMLC, the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP), and several lawmakers before the Quezon City Prosecutors’ Office following a report on their P6.7 billion worth of bank transactions at the House committee on justice.

Carpio alleged that such disclosure is a violation of the Bank Secrecy Law, the Data Privacy Act, and the Anti-Money Laundering Act (AMLA) as amended.

April 28, 2026 — The House of Representatives, through the Office of the Solicitor General (OSG), asked the Supreme Court (SC) to dismiss the consolidated petitions seeking to stop the impeachment proceedings against Vice President Sara Duterte.

In an 85-page comment-opposition, the OSG argued that the petitions were procedurally defective and lacked merit. It asked the SC to deny all prayers for injunctive relief.

April 29, 2026 — House justice committee chairperson and Batangas Second District Rep. Gerville Luistro said that individuals who oppose the disclosure of bank transactions are those with dirty secrets.

But on the same day, the House committee on justice also voted to keep the box containing the income tax returns of Vice President Sara Duterte and her husband, Manases Carpio, sealed, citing there is already enough evidence for determination of probable cause to impeach the Vice President.

Also on the same day, the National Bureau of Investigation told the House justice committee that the actions of the Vice President in her separate press conferences making threats to kill President Ferdinand Marcos, Jr. and his immediate family, including removing the President’s head, constitute inciting to sedition and three counts of grave threat.

Ultimately, the House justice committee found probable cause to impeach Vice President Sara Dutrete via unanimous vote, with all 53 House justice panel members voting in the affirmative.

In response, Davao City First District Rep. Paolo Duterte accused House Majority Leader and Ilocos Norte Rep. Sandro Marcos of forcing House members to vote in favor of the impeachment of the Vice President or else lose the budget for government programs in their respective districts or constituency.

April 30, 2026 — Members of the House justice committee denied being pressure to vote in favor of impeachment of the Vice President, saying the evidence against her that were heard during four days of impeachment hearings is too astounding to set aside.

During the same day, House justice committee chairperson and vice chairperson, Gerville Luistro of Batangas and Joel Chua, respectively, said that the plenary vote for the committee report finding probable cause to impeach the Vice President and the accompanying Articles of Impeachment is tentatively scheduled for May 11.

At least one-third of House members or 106 of them are needed to vote in favor of the Articles of Impeachment for the House to be able to send the impeachment case to the Senate for trial.

Senate President Vicente Sotto III, for his part, said the Senate impeachment court will conduct the impeachment trial of the Vice President forthwith as provided under the 1987 Constitution once the House sends the Articles of Impeachment to the Senate.

May 4, 2026 — The House Committee on Justice unanimously approved the committee report with attached resolution setting forth the articles of impeachment against Vice President Sara Duterte, clearing the way for the House plenary vote.

— with Sherilyn Untalan, Sundy Locus and Joahna Lei Casilao/BM/KG/MCG/RSJ/AOL/VBL, GMA News